Home
Knowledge
Other Jurisdictions
Southeast Asia Company Registration
Duties and Liabilities of Malaysian Company Directors
(1) |
Fiduciary Duties
A director’s fiduciary obligations reflect the trust and integrity expected between the board and the company. This means that a director must act within the powers that have been given to him in good faith and in the best interest of the company at all times. Aside from not exceeding the limits of their powers, directors are also required to exercise their powers in a way that they were intended to be exercised. Fiduciary duties include:
(a) Duty of Loyalty: Directors must act in good faith, with honesty and integrity, prioritising the company's interests over personal or third-party interests. (b) Duty of Care and Diligence: Directors are required to act with reasonable care, skill, and diligence in managing the company’s affairs. This means directors should have the knowledge, skill, experience and a good understanding of the company’s business and be actively involved in decision-making processes. (c) Duty to Avoid Conflicts of Interest: Directors must avoid situations where their personal interests conflict with their duties to the company. They must inform the board of any potential conflicts and abstain from participating in decisions where such conflicts arise. (d) Duty to Act within Powers: Directors must act within the scope of their authority as defined by the company’s constitution and the law for a proper purpose and in good faith in the best interest of the company. Any actions taken outside these limits may be considered ultra vires and void. |
(2) |
Statutory Duties The CA 2016 prescribes several statutory obligations imposed on directors that carry certain penalties for non-compliance, these including: (a) Duty to Maintain Proper Records: Directors are responsible for ensuring that the company keeps accurate and up-to-date registers, statutory records, accounting and other financial records, including the preparation and filing of annual financial statements in accordance with applicable accounting standards in a timely manner. (b) Duty to Ensure Compliance with the Law: Directors must ensure that the company complies with all legal requirements, such as annual corporate filings, corporate governance regulations, and employment laws. (c) Duty to Declare Interest in Contracts or Transactions: Under Section 219 of the CA 2016, directors must disclose any interest in contracts or transactions involving the company. (d) Duty to Call Annual General Meetings (AGMs): Directors are required to convene AGMs in accordance with the timeline set out in the company's constitution and the CA 2016. The AGM allows shareholders to discuss company affairs and elect directors. |
(1) |
Civil Liabilities Directors can be held personally liable for civil penalties in cases of: (a) Breach of Duty: If a director breaches their fiduciary duties or statutory duties, they may be required to compensate the company for any losses incurred as a result. (b) Wrongful Trading: If a company continues to trade while insolvent, and a director knows or ought to know that the company is unable to pay its debts, the director can be held liable for the company’s debts. (c) Negligence or Mismanagement: If directors fail to exercise due care or manage the company negligently, they can be personally liable for any damage caused by their actions or omissions. |
(2) |
Criminal Liabilities Certain actions of directors may attract criminal liability, including: (a) Fraudulent Trading: If directors engage in fraudulent activities such as falsifying company records, misleading shareholders, or misappropriating funds, they may face criminal charges under the Penal Code. (b) Failure to File Financial Statements: Under the CA 2016, directors can be penalised or fined for failing to file accurate financial statements with the Companies Commission of Malaysia (CCM) within the prescribed time. (c) Failure to Disclose Interests: A failure to disclose personal interests in contracts and transactions as required by law can result in criminal penalties, including fines or imprisonment. |
(3) |
Personal Liability in Certain Circumstances Directors might face personal liability under specific circumstances, such as: (a) Tax Liabilities: If a company fails to remit taxes or pay statutory contributions (such as Employees Provident Fund (EPF) contributions), directors may be held personally liable for the amounts owed. (b) Environmental Liabilities: Directors may also be liable for environmental violations, including illegal disposal of hazardous waste or failure to comply with environmental regulations. (c) Employee Liabilities: Directors can be personally liable for unpaid wages, including penalties arising from employment law violations, especially in cases where directors have been negligent or have mismanaged the company. |
Disclaimer All information in this article is only for the purpose of information sharing, instead of professional suggestion. Kaizen will not assume any responsibility for loss or damage. |